Fake news

Joseph Reagle

Pinocchio

Cognition

Mall count

Would some people … make a clearly false statement when looking directly at photographic evidence—simply to support the Trump administration’s claims? (SchaffnerLuks 2017)

Yes they would

expressive responding

Biden’s inauguration

National Mall

What is fake news & what can we do?

What is “fake” news?

e.g., bias: “real” = low; “fake” = high

Attribute “real” “fake”
bias low high
basis reality ideology
motivation
accountability high low
news/opinion firewall discrete blurred
size larger smaller
sources verifiable not
? ? ?

Buzzfeed’s analysis

fake
mainstream

(Silverman 2016)

FB vs Mainstream

engagement

(Silverman 2016)

How to spot it

How to Spot Fake News

Where does it come from?

  • foreign government agents
  • hyper-partisans
  • and …

Macedonia scammers

BTW: Great book!

Kurt Andersen’s Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire: A 500-Year History

What is FB doing?

  • easier flagging
  • reporting to fact checkers
  • improving algorithm
  • disrupting financial incentives (Mosseri 2016)

Who checks the fact-checkers?

Facebook Took Down A Fact-Check Of An Anti-Abortion Video After Republicans Complained

The fact-check was conducted by three doctors who determined an anti-abortion activist’s claim that “abortion is never medically necessary” was false. (Koerner 2019)

boyd’s argument?

The “culture of doubt and critique, experience over expertise, and personal responsibility” is furthering tribalism.

Media literacy asks people to raise questions and be wary of information that they’re receiving.

People are. Unfortunately, that’s exactly why we’re talking past one another. (boyd 2017)

Do you agree??

“Why Do People Fall For Fake News?”

Summary of the research (PennycookRand 2019)

Media manipulation

Life cycle

(Donovan 2019)

Voter fraud

(Dreyfuss 2020)

Reading responses

Write a question, insight, or connection about the reading on the board

  • e.g., connections:
    • agnotology
    • triangulation
    • confirmation bias

Conclusion

Wrap up

Review

3-minute quiz