https://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/Byv9pRNJu [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/4104acebc29830c2d0db8f6cce1bc4b4?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/Byv9pRNJu Tessa’s Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/Byv9pRNJu

Tessa’s Home Page ## Required assignments 1. Wiki tutorial(https://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kU

hackmd.io https://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/BJ4qwsD1O [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/4104acebc29830c2d0db8f6cce1bc4b4?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/BJ4qwsD1O Wiki Tutorial - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@gQR2_d6dSq-qQ5kUw1yWIw/BJ4qwsD1O

Wiki Tutorial #### Tessa Baum, January 21, 2021 The reading written in 2019 by Danah Boyd, ["Agno

hackmd.io

the markdown for the Wiki Tutorial is below:

Wiki Tutorial

Tessa Baum, January 21, 2021

The reading written in 2019 by Danah Boyd, “Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation”, calls on its readers (educators, scholars, students, and those that care about the web and its content) to produce good and reliable content for internet users. Boyd outlines the daunting issues that come with using the web. One topic, written in the article’s title, is agnotology: the tactical creation of ignorance. I originally thought that ignorance was passive, something that is caused by the lack of actively trying to learn and progress. But Boyd’s explanation of how the powerful can easily manipulate and skew the information being shown to web viewers has changed my mind. By figuring out what Boyd calls the “information ecosystem”, web users can maliciously utilize “data voids” to direct other web users to information that pushes extremist and harmful content. I see now that ignorance, or maybe it’s creation, is in fact extremely active and in an evil way smart, which is quite an oxymoron.

This makes me think, what now? How might we continue to monitor the web to prevent media spectacles like what happened in New Zealand (Boyd, 2019) without others arguing that it is stepping over the line into censorship? Is it even right to argue that the restriction of such content is censorship when it is clearly (to most) detrimental to society and its well-being?

Boyd also emphasized how strategically spreading said content is more than half the battle. However, searching for an inkling of a solution, I wonder if using the same exploitive tactics against these mass media manipulators is attacking the issue from only one direction. Boyd stated the alarming ease in which one can fall down a rabbit hole of propaganda. Although it is hard to fault the user who makes two clicks and is already spiraling down, maybe by how we educate ourselves and others on how to search and verify the content, we can create a more bi-directional solution. I remember from middle school being told that Wikipedia was unreliable and could never be considered a good source. Now of course I would never source a wiki page in my scholarly research papers, however, after reading this article (and after learning about the quite dedicated wiki contributors) it is safe to say that there are many other unsafe wormholes on the web, and maybe the obligatory “No wiki” rant needs to be elaborated on in schools.

I’m sorry for this gif but I could not think of another image to put and sometimes I wish I could type this fast.

Dear Professor,

Below is the link to my Hackmd Markdown page. I was slightly confused on all the parts of what to edit and add so I thought it would be addressed in the upcoming class in 90 minutes. I can hopefully revise it after that of any possible errors I have made or things that I have missed.

https://hackmd.io/@Rakku/SyRdRbD1u

Best Regards, Rakshit Bhimsaria

This is the link to my Hackmd website: https://hackmd.io/20zvBH-8SJypll3q9sV80g?view [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/20zvBH-8SJypll3q9sV80g?view Tehya's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/20zvBH-8SJypll3q9sV80g?view hackmd.io The link to my response is on the website but this is the link to the separate page: https://hackmd.io/Ypd-245uQHexJ2IOpYcqCA?view [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/Ypd-245uQHexJ2IOpYcqCA?view Reading Responses (Set 1) - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/Ypd-245uQHexJ2IOpYcqCA?view hackmd.io

Hi Professor!

Here is the link to my WebMD page.

https://hackmd.io/zAC9mg1jSKO-q6mf3p6NBw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/zAC9mg1jSKO-q6mf3p6NBw Molly's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/zAC9mg1jSKO-q6mf3p6NBw hackmd.io

Thanks, have a great night! Molly Burnes

https://hackmd.io/MQPmSxd8SPyHF7u6ltx9gQ?

Faith’s Home Page

Required assignments

1. Wiki tutorial
2. Web search and evaluation
3. Filter and label your email
4. Adblocking
5. Privacy footprint [B]

Reading responses

1. Reading Responses (Set 1)
2. Reading Responses (Set 2)

About me

I’m a fourth year student at Northeastern studying Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience passionate about all things mental health related. I have experience ranging from advocacy, case management, direct care, and research, but at the core of it all, I love hearing people’s stories, journeying with and understanding them at their worst and best.

Outside of that, I love a good hot yoga session, pastries & sipping coffee, and people-watching.

I’m currently seeking a full-time position post graduation this coming Spring. Please feel free to connect and email me at chan.we@northeastern.edu!

Hi Professor Reagle,

Here are the links to my home page and Wiki tutorial: https://hackmd.io/@justinechen/Bk4JZuvkO https://hackmd.io/@justinechen/Bk4JZuvkO [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/9cb610a0f0372503cd19fa1c6a86aa75?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@justinechen/Bk4JZuvkO Justine’s Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@justinechen/Bk4JZuvkO

tags: CDA # Justine’s Home Page ## Required assignments 1. Wiki tutorial(https://hackmd

hackmd.io

https://hackmd.io/@justinechen/rkW1_hv1_ [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/9cb610a0f0372503cd19fa1c6a86aa75?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@justinechen/rkW1_hv1_ Wiki tutorial - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@justinechen/rkW1_hv1_

Wiki tutorial What is at risk is the potential fragmentation of society as result of manipulative

hackmd.io

Below is the markdown of the tutorial page:

Wiki tutorial

What is at risk is the potential fragmentation of society as result of manipulative seeding of doubt and ignorance when we embrace the internet and similarly new technologies, or so suggests danah boyd. Robert Proctor and Iain Boal created the term “agnotology” to describe the strategic manufacturing of ignorance as “a tool of oppression by the powerful.” Agnotology threatens knowledge itself, its production, our selection of it, and our access to it. With young people using the internet, specifically social and news media, as the primary source of information, propagandists and fake news leaders can cause them to be unable to detect fact from lies. Conspiratorial and manipulative content is pushed to the top of search results, data voids are filled with doubtful information, and terms are created or co-opted to fragment knowledge and structure.

Agnotology’s power was especially prevalent in 2020, and is projected to also be this year, with the Black Lives Matter movement and anti-maskers and anti-vaxxers of coronavirus. For example, [93% of BLM protests being peaceful, ] (https://time.com/5886348/report-peaceful-protests/) many people continue to believe that they are largely violent and destructive as a result of biased, disproportionate media coverage. Even as someone knowledgeable about the BLM movement, I initially questioned if protests were primarily peaceful or violent simply due to the vast amounts of violent videos I’ve seen. White supremacists gaslight and hide black individuals’ experiences to further their oppression. On a different note, when any government official posts about coronavirus prevention on social media, the comments are flooded by anti-maskers with misleading links invalidating the science of masks’ effectiveness. The bias that results from these two examples are detrimental to our pursuit for truth.

My concern is, if danah boyd claims that the internet, social media, and news media are vehicles for agnotology and epistemological fragmentation, how can we combat the spread of misinformation? Social media platforms try to moderate content but it is so easy to evade them, as the terrorist of Christchurch did.

Please let me know if there are any formatting issues within this email or my hackmd that I should fix!

Thanks, Justine Chen

Dear Professor,

Please refer to the below:

Home Page - https://hackmd.io/@darryl-chew/SkqMXZdJ_ Wiki Tutorial - https://hackmd.io/@darryl-chew/rygEJMukd

Markdown for the Wiki Tutorial:

Wiki Tutorial

I must admit that this is my first experience with any sort of coding—if this could even be considered coding. As I started the assignment I must admit I found it slightly baffling, but got used to it quickly and found it most intriguing. I even found myself googling how to use markdown to add a TikTok video here but to no avail.

Being born in 1996, right on the midst of being in either a millenial or Gen Z, I’ve always found myself at interesting intersection between technologically inclined and technologically illerate. Must admit there was a certain satisfaction in completing this assignment.

Thank you,

Darryl Chew D’Amore-McKim School of Business Northeastern University Class of 2021 chew.d@northeastern.edu

Hi Dr. Reagle,

My name is Giovanna, and I am a student in your ‘Communication in the Digital Age’ class. Below is the link to my website and the markdown of the tutorial page.

Looking forward to class tomorrow!

Best,

Giovanna

https://hackmd.io/@mYcthFx-SWWU4HoFDwT9TA/Hy5vWPv1d

Markdown:

tags: CDA

Giovanna’s Home Page

Required assignments

1. Wiki tutorial
2. Web search and evaluation
3. Filter and label your email
4. Adblocking
5. Privacy footprint

Reading responses

1. Reading Responses (Set 1)
2. Reading Responses (Set 2)

About me

My name is Giovanna, and I was born and raised in El Salvador!

https://hackmd.io/tLrXXMswS6ejC03KSDYMvQ?both [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/tLrXXMswS6ejC03KSDYMvQ?both Arianna's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/tLrXXMswS6ejC03KSDYMvQ?both hackmd.io

https://hackmd.io/2Vg590AGQm-wbvt_ySPhWw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/2Vg590AGQm-wbvt_ySPhWw And Here is a Heading! - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/2Vg590AGQm-wbvt_ySPhWw hackmd.io

Wiki Tutorial

I’m just playing around with this Markdown stuff, I’m not really sure what to write here. But here is another paragraph!

And Here is a Heading!

Another heading

another heading

yet another heading

a quite small heading

I’m going to strikethrough this word!

Here is a link to Canvas

• list
• list
• list

1. numbered
2. list
3. now

a nice block quote > and another one for good measure!

here is some text that i intend to separate *** and here it is, separated! Yay!

I am coding

here is a nice block of code

Hi Professor,

Here is the link to my HackMD home page: https://hackmd.io/@ngambardella/HJm9_ODku

Best, Natalie Gambardella, COMM 1255 https://hackmd.io/@ngambardella/HJm9_ODku

Hello Professor,

Homepage: https://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/r1OOJdmku [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/6e6fc94745720a06ddd60c180e65b8f6?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/r1OOJdmku Bryan’s Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/r1OOJdmku

Bryan’s Home Page ## Required assignments 1. Wiki tutorial(https://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/S12

hackmd.io

Tutorial: https://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/S12rXOmku [https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/6e6fc94745720a06ddd60c180e65b8f6?s=400]https://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/S12rXOmku Wiki tutorial - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@BryanLGrady/S12rXOmku

Wiki tutorial ## Reflection on Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation by danah boyd In a

hackmd.io

Markdown:

Wiki tutorial

Reflection on Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation by danah boyd

In a time not too long ago, the main source people trusted for research materials was largely librarians. There were could be falsified sources, but there were gatekeepers at the publishing and curation level to minimize the reach of lies. The Internet was a massive disruption of that status quo, as danah boyd outlined in a 2019 speech to the Digital Public Library of America conference. She emphasizes that “agnotology,” or deliberately fostered ignorance, was on the rise due to bad actors on the web. It’s not a brand new concept: Iain Boal and Robert Proctor coined the term in 1995, and certain people have lied others into ignorance for decades. boyd outlines a number of contemporary elements that are pulling people into a world of ignorance, such as terrorists that know how to go viral, and the YouTube rabbit-hole towards “free-thinking” doubt of climate science and social justice.

(PragerU screenshots divorced from their rhetorical content are often humorously self-defeating)

boyd provides a clear outline of the growing danger agnotology, and provides somewhat of a decisive objective to librarians, but some questions remain. A key elements is that she initially refers to agnotology as a tool of the powerful, but does not express a clear link to who’s profiting off the spread of online conspiracies. To be fair, social media platforms and internet companies certainly are, but they’re not the entities initially seeding most of these lies (I hope). Is she implying some sort of upper-class control, with capital interests pushing climate conspiracies so that greenhouse gases can keep being burned? Perhaps, but that doesn’t clearly explain grand, cult-like conspiracies like QAnon or white supremacy groups. I’d further contend that while her recommendations to librarians to spread their content as publicly as possible are well-intentioned, the online conspiracy machine may very well be too powerful to be overcome without a comparative public movement against it. There are simply more conspiratorial grandmothers on Facebook than there are digital librarians, suggesting that may take regular citizens working to stamp agnotology out as well.

Thanks! -Bryan G.

Hi Professor Reagle,

Here are the links for my HackMD.

Home page – https://hackmd.io/wNswGBP9SLqkp-dZjUfZcg?view Wiki Tutorial – https://hackmd.io/_3hiMmYyT7uFlu4fJW92IA?view Wiki Tutorial Markdown – https://hackmd.io/_3hiMmYyT7uFlu4fJW92IA?both

Thanks, Chelsea Henderson

Homepage: https://hackmd.io/sHgU7KbIRLeRSd9KoO8QNw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/sHgU7KbIRLeRSd9KoO8QNw Alexandra's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/sHgU7KbIRLeRSd9KoO8QNw hackmd.io

Tutorial page markdown: https://hackmd.io/A059O7VpTQ6WuhhHBIvLmg [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/A059O7VpTQ6WuhhHBIvLmg HackMD - Collaborative Markdown Knowledge Basehttps://hackmd.io/A059O7VpTQ6WuhhHBIvLmg hackmd.io

Dear Professor Joseph,

Below are my links to my home page and tutorial page, respectively. My markdown will be below my signature. Thank you!

https://hackmd.io/@serenaleeny/SLNEU528 https://hackmd.io/@serenaleeny/wikitutorial

Sincerely, Serena Lee

Markdown:

## Wiki Tutorial

Danah Boyd’s speech on “Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation” talks about the impact technology has had on our society, specifically epistemology and ignorance’s impact on it.

Simply imagine using ignorance as a tool, imagine simply turning a knob to “erase history.” This reminded me of the psychological concepts, motivated perception or confirmation bias.

These two concepts which explains why “we see what we want to see” and how people favor information that backup their views. By simply NOT being aware of a certain fact, event, or opinion, we could see what we want. For example, your social media most likely is filled with friends and followers who agree with share similar perspectives as you, creating a chain of reposing an article when stumbling onto something you believe. However, if someone posts an opposing or offensive opinion, most tend to have the desire to delete the comment or even remove the follower. Without the existence of an opposing force, there would simply only be one supporting perspective.

Boyd also mentions the conversations regarding content management on social media platforms, and the methods in which one could understand and exploit the aspects social media and news media lack in. She uses the example or Christchurch, how he not only intentionally seeded doubt to fragment society, but evaded content moderators on Facebook, to using the news media to spread his manifesto, in an attempt to spark curiosity to his “audience”. She successfully ties all these examples back to the idea of agnotology, where ignorance is strategic and useful to promote asking questions about the intended topics and magnifying the exploited ideas.

Side note: To me, the concept of agnotology doesn’t fully click like “misinformation” or other similar words do. I believe this because by using the word “misinformation”, it’s highlighting the misconception that “ignorance is…not-yet-knowledgeable,” but rather, just a difference in the understanding of the power of ignorance.

Lastly, Boyd covers media manipulators and how they embrace not only connected content, but comments, a type of communication. It’s meant to be reactive, to make you curious about the other perspectives, or in this case, to make parents watch the “results of vaccination” from anti-vaxxers. Overall, even with complete and full access to all information, your own brain can “censor” information that you don’t agree with, or simply “[presume] credibility is enough.” So, with this in mind, we can learn to make informed choices, simply by looking at the right places, without a “right” or “wrong” in mind.

Read the Article here: Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation

Hi prof. Reagle,

Here is my HackMD website to my best ability and understanding of the assignment -

https://hackmd.io/whO4Eq2GQDyVkcB-vQGoZw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/whO4Eq2GQDyVkcB-vQGoZw HackMD - Collaborative Markdown Knowledge Basehttps://hackmd.io/whO4Eq2GQDyVkcB-vQGoZw hackmd.io Please let me know if there is more that you’re looking for.

Thanks,

Patrick Lester

Hi Professor,

Here are all the links to my Wiki page.

Home Page: https://hackmd.io/@TJA1GhC1SqSNufV7jX9vRw/r14jXOD1u Tutorial Page: https://hackmd.io/@TJA1GhC1SqSNufV7jX9vRw/ryXDwOPJu Markdown: https://hackmd.io/kDzWScuWS6OG4V8ZSIEejg

Thanks, Jovanne

Home Page: https://hackmd.io/g2pzijFnQpGKRNQSA7ufMA Tutorial Page: https://hackmd.io/MY6uADGBQlGPUb7ZWyQjQg Markdown:

Wiki Tutorial

Reflection on Agnotology and epistemological fragmentation

In her article, Danah Boyd sheds light on how difficult it is to be a properly informed citizen today. Following a kind sentiment on her love for librarians, she explains that through the boom of technology it has become immensely harder for anyone to truly identify as an informed citizen, simply because of how much information is thrown at us daily.

To introduce her discussion, Boyd introduces the reader to the terms epistemology and agnotology. Epistemology being the term that describes how individuals know what they know, while agnotology is a newer term used to describe the purposeful production of ignorance. What is agnotology you ask? Well Boyd explains that it’s a tool of oppression used by the powerful. In this case, the “powerful” is the government and subsequent mainstream media.

Boyd goes on to explain that as technology has advanced, governments have begun using the media to intentionally seed doubt into society through providing countless different perpsectives on mainstream issues. She even points out that most conspiratorial content is easier to reach than factural material. As a result, she professes to the reader that in order to ensure the public is properly informed, one must truly understand the manipulative nature of the information war we have found ourselves in since the boom of technology. The article concludes with Boyd’s clarification that an informed public can only be reached when individuals finally recognize that the creation of sides is a political project put forth to divide us and that the public must make active choices to ensure the content they consume is of quality.

Hello Professor Reagle,

Here is my Wiki Tutorial and Home Page from hackmd.

Home Page: https://hackmd.io/xUlxCygCRIu9xO3f3qC-Rg?view

Wiki Tutorial: https://hackmd.io/qGmNVcgkTDCgRcPcmFDHdg?view

Tutorial Markdown: https://hackmd.io/qGmNVcgkTDCgRcPcmFDHdg?edit

See you tomorrow in class, Laura Mattingly

https://hackmd.io/kimFKqTPSDaNxpg7hV6FoQ https://hackmd.io/vmmUi0r8S2a8WsGVNTFsFg

Wiki Markdown:

tags: CDA Required Assignments

Wiki Tutorial

First Impressions

My first impression of markdown was very pleasant, and I found it significantly easier to use for my previous (overly ambitious) attempts at making websites with node.js or React.

I did successfully make a Facebook clone using HTML+CSS to get out of a highschool English presentation, but that was made in a google doc, a far less intuitive interface.

Hi Professor Reagle,

Please find the link to my HackMD page below.

https://hackmd.io/GQlRdUsATNOltDV_6pdqSw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/GQlRdUsATNOltDV_6pdqSw Required assignments - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/GQlRdUsATNOltDV_6pdqSw hackmd.io

Best, Katherine Opiela

Hello Professor Reagle,

Attached are my hackmd links for both my homepage and wiki.

Thank you, Eshaan

https://hackmd.io/9hk3YuGnTGKeyEbDXu56hw [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/9hk3YuGnTGKeyEbDXu56hw Eshaan's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/9hk3YuGnTGKeyEbDXu56hw hackmd.io https://hackmd.io/1Sw5YOp6SO-_tREwjYy4Dg [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/1Sw5YOp6SO-_tREwjYy4Dg Wiki Tutorial Reflection - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/1Sw5YOp6SO-_tREwjYy4Dg hackmd.io

Greetings, this is my home page: https://hackmd.io/@lphbjxCLSKmD7KA6V3Yp9A/BkWSj1PJ_ [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14Gg41wdopzTjH_fbpEgfSy5IWuoiS-j6o3OqFE0d-w=s96-c]https://hackmd.io/@lphbjxCLSKmD7KA6V3Yp9A/BkWSj1PJ_ Chaitanya’s Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/@lphbjxCLSKmD7KA6V3Yp9A/BkWSj1PJ_

tags: CDA # Chaitanya’s Home Page ## Assignments: 1. [Wiki tutorial](https://reagle.org/j

hackmd.io Regards, Chaitanya Peety.

Home Pagehttps://hackmd.io/@anikar/SkGEXRwJd Wiki Tutorialhttps://hackmd.io/@anikar/B1U4DAPkd

Wiki Tutorial

Initial Reactions

Danah Boyd calls the listener (or in our case, reader) to action to create a better informed public. Her discussion of epistemology and agnotology as terms was a novel idea for me but sparked connections to much of our nation’s recent history. In a time of fake news and deepfakes, we have “a collective sense of being gaslit.” Ignorance from these forms of media would likely fall into agnotology. In America especially, increased tensions and differences within the two-party system have heightened fake news.

Connection to Recent Social Media

While Boyd discusses YouTube as a primary search tool, another social media has emerged as a way for people to research. Following the death of George Floyd, people began using Instagram as a means of sharing social justice information. In particular, infographics are frequently shared; these utilize Instagram’s multi-slide capabilities. People tend to move quickly, often without fact-checking. I can recall multiple examples of friends posting corrections to previous infographics they shared. Similar to the strategies of a polished YouTube video by PragerU, a well-designed infographic can capture your attention and change your beliefs.

The following infographic was made by [@rightwinginfographics](https://www.instagram.com/rightwinginfographics/). In my opinion, it is misleading and harmful.

Correlation vs. Causation could also be relevant as a way we are easily confused tricked by information.

Anika Rabenhorst she/her/hers Candidate for B.S. in Computer Science and Business Administration Northeastern University, Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Class of 2022 cell: (203) 252-6942 | rabenhorst.a@northeastern.edumailto:rabenhorst.a@northeastern.edu

Home page: https://hackmd.io/zwWt2XhmSRqVhCKrmJazAg?view

Wiki tutorial: https://hackmd.io/@emmarichardds/B1wgloEJ_

Tutorial Markdown:

Emma’s Wiki Tutorial

Reading Response #1

Jan 22- Markdown

This speech by Danah Boyd begins with Danah warning the audience that a virus within the internet has “torn into the social fabric of life,” which can sit heavily within any audience. She then goes on to explain that people are using the ignorance to create “agnotology,” which is the “strategic and purposeful production of ignorance.” Boyd goes on to explain, “Whether we’re talking about the erasure of history or the undoing of scientific knowledge, agnotology is a tool of oppression by the powerful.” People use various forms of interactive media to promote their political agendas, in order to undermine credibility and science. Boyd highlights how one wrong click on YouTube about social justice can lead readers down a rabbit hole towards topics like anti-feminism and white supremacy. Many people can relate to the idea of clicking on one YouTube video of a hair tutorial, and 25 minutes later, find themselves watching a video of pandas at a zoo. Websites like Facebook and YouTube purposefully point media towards audiences that keeps them on their platforms longer, no matter how damaging the information a person is reading can be. This idea goes along with the idea Danah brings up about how groups like anti-vaxxers have trained to YouTube pair videos about vaccination with videos about their potential side effects. Boyd ends her speech by bringing up the importance of advocates (like librarians) that can steer curious individuals towards the right sources, by keeping consumers informed, and working to acknowledge and combat the virus of agnotology.

Matt Rose

Wiki Tutorial: https://hackmd.io/@matt-rose77/S1zwuhw1O

Home Page: https://hackmd.io/@matt-rose77/SkQM73Py_

Matt’s Wiki Tutorial Reflection

I watched the video tutorial linked below:

What I Learned

• how to add headings (see above
• how to embed videos (see above)
• how to add bold text
• how to add italicized text
• how to add links: Matt’s Home Page
• how to add bulleted lists or

1. numbered lists

• how to embed images:

Matt’s Reflection

I found the Markdown tutorial easy to follow and so far I enjoy using it. I’m not positive I followed all of the instructions from the syllabus, but I think I understood most of them.

Hi Professor Reagle,

Here is the link to my home page: https://hackmd.io/t9s40zFNSDmWKz_tPwlcMg?view

Here is the link to the Wiki Tutorial page: https://hackmd.io/BUn00PRFROeaYLD3MzGnwQ

tags: CDA

Jiaying’s Home Page

Required assignments

1. Wiki tutorial
2. Web search and evaluation
3. Filter and label your email
4. Adblocking
5. Privacy footprint [B]

Reading responses

1. Reading Responses (Set 1)
2. Reading Responses (Set 2)

Other stuff

I’m a student at Northeastern—and a fourth year, communication and media arts combined major.

I am a dancer.

I am interested in photography.

Thank you, Best, Jiaying Shen

https://hackmd.io/edYynwlLRn2tqlwRDgmWVw?view [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/edYynwlLRn2tqlwRDgmWVw?view Raigan's Home Page - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/edYynwlLRn2tqlwRDgmWVw?view hackmd.io

https://hackmd.io/kTcFvEjtQMq2UvesQSTnwg [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/kTcFvEjtQMq2UvesQSTnwg HackMD - Collaborative Markdown Knowledge Basehttps://hackmd.io/kTcFvEjtQMq2UvesQSTnwg hackmd.io

Hi professor,

I’m in your Communication in a Digital age class. I am sending you my link for my HackMD. Here is the link: https://hackmd.io/@1TzuIUerQfuljL6GLw0W4w/Sy3jgMI1_

Here is a copy of the markdown:

tags: CDA

Romina’s Home Page

Required assignments

1. Wiki tutorial
2. Web search and evaluation
3. Filter and label your email
4. Adblocking
5. Privacy footprint

Reading responses

1. Reading Responses (Set 1)
2. Reading Responses (Set 2)

About Me

I’m a student at Northeastern—and was born and raised Peru.

Thank you,

Romina Velarde

Hi Professor,

Here is my homework assignment.

Home Page Link: https://hackmd.io/@williams-mad/home-page

Tutorial Link: https://hackmd.io/@williams-mad/wiki-tutorial

Tutorial Markdown:

Wiki Tutorial

General Response to the Reading

I found the article very interesting. I never really thought about how oppressors can exploit data voids to erase and rewrite history to push harmful, hateful, narratives. I also never thought about how there is actually a word for it: agnotology.

What’s at stake right now is not simply about hate speech vs. free speech or the role of state-sponsored bots in political activity. It’s much more basic. It’s about purposefully and intentionally seeding doubt to fragment society. To fragment epistemologies.

The author, Danah Boyd, makes a great point of the accessibility of academic resources. While the internet has technically made most things generally accessible, as in, physical able to access it, many academic resources, theories, essays, etc., are locked behind paywalls, and even when they are not, jargon-filled philosophy and theory can be hard to understand for the average reader. There is a large “data void” for theory and concepts that are explained in plain language, and that void is easily exploited by agnotologists.

Connecting to My Own Experiences

I am a content creator on TikTok, a platform that was originally created to be a dance app for teenagers. While there are still plenty of dancing teenagers on TikTok, the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown in March brought a lot of older people to the app. TikTok has now become a place for discourse of all kinds, activism, and, unfortunately, as a byproduct of that, far-right indoctrination.

TikTok creators often talk about the concept of shadowbanning, which is when the app’s algorithm consistently does not show a creator’s content on users’ For You pages, an algorithm-based homepage similar to Instagram’s Explore feed, or Following pages, where they can watch content from creators they follow. However, BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) creators, LGBTQ+ creators, disabled creators, creators who are sex workers, and other marginalized creators, especially those who make content related to those identities, experience shadowbanning at higher rates.

As a creator who has experienced shadowbanning, but has never had a video taken down, I have always wondered why my content, and really, my marginalized identities, is being silenced by the algorithm to the point that even my followers don’t see my content. This article has suggested to me that media manipulators, who are not a new problem to TikTok, could be sabotaging marginalized creators on the whole so that TikTok’s algorithm, structurally, is more likely to shadowban them than a cisgender, heterosexual, white, male creator who doesn’t make content related to oppression, for example. It’s definitely an interesting train of thought to follow, and I’d be curious to look more into it.

Thanks! Madi

Madi Vespa Williams | any pronouns General Manager | New Renaissance Theatre Companyhttp://newrenaissancetheatre.org/ Candidate for Bachelor of Arts in Theatre College of Arts, Media, and Design

https://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view

Wiki Tutorial

By Greg Willis

The article “Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation” by Danah Boyd offers intriguing insight regarding modern accessibility to information and technology and the dangers that come with it. Easy access to a boundless database of information accessible to almost every citizen has proven very convenient. For example, a person with a clogged sink can very easily search a tutorial for fixing a broken sink on Google or YouTube. Also, people can very easily fact-check themselves or increase their knowledge on a certain topic at will. However, there are also some risks which come with unlimited access to the internet.

Anybody can publish a webpage or YouTube video containing their personal views and opinions, and they will be available to billions of people across the globe. The article written by Boyd explains how this fact can (and has been) exploited, allowing people to post weighted, controversial statements or viewpoints with the intention of attacking or dividing communities. With the use of memorable terminology and the media, these ideas can spread and create a strong following. Unlimited access to unlimited information acts as a double-edged sword; while ease of access to information is very beneficial and convenient in most scenarios, it also runs the risk of broadcasting false information and hate speech at unprecedented speed. [https://hackmd.io/favicon.png]https://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view Wiki Tutorial - HackMDhttps://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view hackmd.io

Sorry I thought we were supposed to send the link for the wiki tutorial. Here’s the right one https://hackmd.io/@Greg128/r1010TE1O

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From: Reagle, Joseph J.Reagle@northeastern.edu Sent: Thursday, January 21, 2021 11:11 AM To: Gregory Willis willis.gr@northeastern.edu Subject: Re: Hackmd Greg Willis

Hi Greg, what is the URL of the home page, which links to this tutorial page? (You’ll need to setup the websites structure.) We’ll talk more tomorrow.

On 1/21/21 12:05 PM, Gregory Willis wrote: > https://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view > > # Wiki Tutorial > ## By Greg Willis > > The article “Agnotology and Epistemological Fragmentation” by Danah Boyd offers intriguing insight regarding modern accessibility to information and technology and the dangers that come with it. Easy access to a boundless database of information accessible to almost every citizen has proven very convenient. For example, a person with a clogged sink can very easily search a tutorial for fixing a broken sink on Google or YouTube. Also, people can very easily fact-check themselves or increase their knowledge on a certain topic at will. However, there are also some risks which come with unlimited access to the internet. > > Anybody can publish a webpage or YouTube video containing their personal views and opinions, and they will be available to billions of people across the globe. The article written by Boyd explains how this fact can (and has been) exploited, allowing people to post weighted, controversial statements or viewpoints with the intention of attacking or dividing communities. With the use of memorable terminology and the media, these ideas can spread and create a strong following. Unlimited access to unlimited information acts as a double-edged sword; while ease of access to information is very beneficial and convenient in most scenarios, it also runs the risk of broadcasting false information and hate speech at unprecedented speed. > https://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view > > Wiki Tutorial - HackMD https://hackmd.io/2w6sxiuqTWWw-8nMc1OZIA?view > hackmd.io > >

Hi Professor Reagle,

Here is the link to my page: https://hackmd.io/6CpogmGUTPahsyvyBsREaQ?view

Below is the markdown of my page:

tags:CDA

Samantha’s Home Page

Required assignments

1. Wiki tutorial
2. Web search and evaluation
3. Filter and label your email
4. Adblocking
5. Privacy footprint [B]

Reading responses

1. Reading Responses (Set 1)
2. Reading Responses (Set 2)

Other stuff

I’m a fourth-year student at Northeastern—and I did NU in London my freshmen fall. I’m majoring in Communication Studies and minoring in Business Administration and Psychology.

Fun fact about me is I have a twin brother who is only 1 minute older than me!

Let me know if you have any questions.

Thank you, Samantha

Samantha (Jungmi) Yoon Northeastern University ’21 College of Arts, Media, and Design- Communication Studies yoon.ju@northeastern.edumailto:yoon.ju@northeastern.edu | 201-657-3333