Questions_-_Taxonomy

Benjamin Bloom was an American educational psychologist who is famously associated with a taxonomy of learning. Numerous revisions and alternatives have followed in the subsequent decades.

For this task create one or more higher-order questions (lower on the list) using Barkley or Krathwohl & Anderson as a model.

Barkley

Exploratory
probe facts and basic knowledge
What research evidence supports ….?
Challenge
examine assumptions, conclusions, and interpretations
How else might we account for ….?
Relational
ask for comparison of themes, ideas, or issues
How does compare to ….?
Diagnostic
probe motives or causes
Why did ….?
Action
Call for a conclusion or action
In response to ….., what should …. do?
Cause and effect
ask for causal relationships between ideas, actions, or events
If …. occurred, what would happen?
Extension
expand the discussion
What are additional ways that ….?
Hypothetical
pose a change in the facts or issues
Suppose …. had been the case, would the outcome have been the same?
Priority
seek to identify the most important issue
From all that we have discussed, what is the most important ….?
Summary
elicit syntheses
What themes or lessons have emerged from ….?
Problem
challenge students to find solutions to real or hypothetical situations.
What if?
Interpretation
help students to uncover the underlying meaning of things
From whose viewpoint course perspective are we seeing, hearing, reading?
What does this mean? What may have been intended by ….?
Application
probe for relationships and ask students to connect theory to practice
How does this apply to that? Knowing this, how would you …?
Evaluative
require students to assess and make judgments
Which of these are better? Why does it matter? So what?
Critical
require students to examine the validity of statements, arguments, and conclusions and to analyze their thinking and challenge their own assumptions.
How do we know? What’s the evidence? How reliable is the evidence

Krathwohl & Anderson (Bloom revised)

Cognitive Dimension

  1. Remember (recognizing, recalling)
  2. Understand (interpreting, classifying, comparing, explaining)
  3. Apply (executing, implementing)
  4. Analyze (differentiating, organizing, attributing)
  5. Evaluate (checking, critiquing)
  6. Create (generating, planning, producing)

Knowledge Dimension

These questions can be asked along the four knowledge dimensions.

Bloom (original)

  1. Knowledge (identification and recall of information)
  2. Comprehension (organization and selection of facts and ideas):
  3. Application (use of facts, rules and principles):
  4. Analysis (separation of a whole into component parts):
  5. Synthesis (combination of ideas to form a new whole):
  6. Evaluation (development of opinions, judgments, or decisions):

Sources