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Markdown:
Technology is now a part of almost every moment of our day. From the alarm on our phone that wake us up, to the music we listen to from our earbuds, and even the books we read on a Kindle, it’s almost impossible to escape. While there’s no doubt that tech has made our lives more convenient, there’s also an unfortunate addiction that has many people trapped. Some are even downloading apps like Touch Grass, where you literally have to send a picture of yourself touching grass before you can continue using social media, just to regain some sense of control. For many, turning off their phone for good feels a bit too radical, which is why these apps are so appealing. But for the Luddite Club, disconnecting isn’t just a fleeting trend, it’s a deliberate choice to live more intentionally.
Vadukul’s article does not just highlight an interesting club, it looks into a larger conversation about how we navigate our tech-driven world. The Luddite Club isn’t against technology, but rather they are trying to create space where they are not constantly consumed by it. Whether it’s using flip phones, writing in notebooks, or printing newsletters, these students are actively finding ways to stay connected to real life without the distractions of the digital world. This ties into Stacy Morrison’s piece where she explores the pushback against the emotional drain of being constantly online. Both pieces emphasize that tech can be fulfilling, but only when it’s used mindfully, rather than letting it control us.
Both authors present a refreshing take. Vadukul doesn’t paint the Luddite Club as flawless “digital dropouts” who live perfectly offgrid. The still deal with the challenges of dating, navigating college life, and getting around without Uber. Similarly, Morrison notes that most people don’t completely abandon technology but instead adapt. It’s these small, mindful adaptations that allow us to find balance in an increasingly connected world.
In the end, we shouldn’t lose ourselves in the digital world. We need to learn how to appreciate it alongside the real world. If that means using an app like Touch Grass to regain some balance, then why not?
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Imagine giving up your smartphone for a week, or even a month. Well, a small number of teens have willingly–and permanently–withdrawn themselves from their phones. A group of young adults and adolescents from New York City, calling themselves the Luddite Club, stated the following goal: “Our club promotes conscious consumption of technology,” the group’s leader said. “We’re for human connection” (Vadukal, 2023). They are choosing a collective, concerted effort to counter the toxic, social media-crazed culture that most of us inhabit today.
The teens have ditched their smartphones in favor of less invasive flip phones that they only use to communicate with their parents. The movement started three years ago at Brooklyn Technical High School and has spread to other places like Hyde Park, New York, where teens engage in Friday tech-free meetings. According to club members, the point is not just about putting down electronic devices, it’s about rejecting the social pressures and expectations that come with social media use. And, at a higher level, it is helping them to stay truly present and pay mindful attention in a world where most people’s eyes are glued to their screens.
“We’ve all got this theory that we’re not just meant to be confined to buildings and work,” says Vadukal. “And that guy was experiencing life. Real life. Social media and phones are not real life”(Vadukal, 2023). By real life, the teens who’ve chosen this commitment forgo the endless engagement merry-go-round that is social media and instead occupy their time in what they describe as more fulfilling and meaningful ways. Some drew in sketchbooks. Others painted with a watercolor kit. One of them closed their eyes to listen to the wind. Many read intently — the books in their backpacks included challenging works such as Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment, Art Spiegelman’s Maus II, and The Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius.
The group has deliberately broken away from the dominant model of constant communication that social media has normalized and instead didn’t talk throughout the week so that, when they hung out on Fridays, their interactions were fresh and substantial. This also created a powerful sense of community among young people, as they helped each other break the chains of their tech addictions.
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Markdown for Pushback 4/14/25:
I feel as if I was always constantly asking my mom and dad for a phone as I was one of the last ones in my friend group to get one and I just wanted to be online and in the loop socially. I got my first phone when I was 14 as my parents thought it was warranted with the transfer to high school ahead. I now wish my younger self could understand my parents’ perspective of not wanting me to have my face in a phone all day and as dumb as it sounds but go outside and enjoy nature.
As a college student I feel like it is rare for me to not touch my phone or computer within the first five minutes of waking up and probably touch it during the five minutes before I go to bed. I am constantly online whether it’s for my education, social or just mindless. In the reading “Pushback: Expressions of resistance to the ‘evertime’ of constant online connectivity” Morrison and Gomez explain that many users who first really embraced this technology way and idea of being constantly connected are pushing back and I resonate with this.
The reading characterized these people as wanting to look for ways of resistance to being permanently connected. I practice this by adding some balance here and there. If I am doing an assignment on my computer for an hour I try to balance it with going outside for about the same time not only to give myself a break but to disconnect from the technology. I want to be reachable for my family and friends but also not face deep in my phone for constant contact.
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Markdown: ## Reading Response 5: Pushback - April 15
“I clearly am addicted and the dependency is sickening,” a student stated in a study where researchers, Morrison and Gomez (2014), explored why people are pushing back against their technology. Pushback is driven by the users’ recognition of their overuse of digital devices, ultimately sending them to regain control over their lives and improve their overall well-being. The concept of pushback is defined as the “reaction against the overload of information and changing relationships brought about by communication technologies” (Morrison & Gomez 2014). Ranging from smartphones to computers, these technologies have negative side effects, where users recognize the addiction to their devices and what it brings. Other than addiction, the study traces pushback to “regain control of their time and energy” because technology is “‘stealing’ productive time from the user” (Morrison & Gomez 2014). This growing realization of how technology is changing lives in the digital age, forcing individuals to find balance with their technologies and the outside world.
Young adults especially have been working to mitigate this technology crisis by emphasizing human connection through clubs and other activities. For example, the Luddite Club began as a “group of teenage tech skeptics” from various high schools, coming together to “enjoy some time together away from the machine” (Vadukul 2023). This helps people regain face-to-face interaction, pushing back the current age when the norm is to be buried in your phone. An avid student who participates in the club states, “many of us have decided we don’t want to be in bed, doom-scrolling and rotting our lives away” (Vadukul 2023). High school and college students in particular are constantly craving online connection, whether it be through social media or even texting one another. It is refreshing to see people coming together in person, despite the popularity of online communication, bonding together without devices. Personally, I recognize the attachment I have to my phone. I believe my well-being would improve if I spent less time on it, pushing back to reclaim personal interaction without the anxieties that a constant digital environment brings.
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Markdown:
“But I think the dream for me is to be unreachable one day. To have no phone at all,” says Logan Lane, founder of the Luddite Club (Vadukul, 2025). The group collectively abandoned smartphones in favor of flip phones as an act of rejection toward modern digital culture (Vadukul, 2025). Although Mr. Lane’s perspective is only echoed by the 3% of people who prefer a “back to the woods” approach to resisting technology, other pushback behaviors have been identified in Morrison & Gomez’s (2014) study analyzing these behaviors and the motivations for each. After examining multiple sources, they found that the main motivation behind pushback behaviors against technology is emotional dissatisfaction, while secondary factors include personal values, a desire to regain control, and concerns about phone addiction. Intriguingly, privacy violations were only a minor concern; rather, people were more worried about the perceptions of their online identities.
Of the five motivations directed at technology pushback, I found myself resonating with a desire to regain my sense of control and manage my phone addiction. I admit that I had access to an iPad at a far too young an age, which led me to develop a dependency on it as a form of escapism from the real world. Compounded with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, my dependency on my smartphone skyrocketed. I have felt what the members of The Luddite Club have felt: formerly a screenager, I have begun to slowly distance myself from the online world. I deleted my Snapchat and Twitter (X) accounts and have deactivated my Instagram for extended periods of time. I am best described by what Morrison & Gomez (2014) label as an adapter, along with 71% of people’s overall pushback behaviors. Though I do not see myself ever going off-grid, I believe I am slowly gaining back the time I lost to endless scrolling.
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Markdown:
Information overload is ever more common in an age where the digital landscape and technology is integrated with our daily lives. We are constantly consuming media, content, and information, to the point where it is not only affecting our personal lives, but how we interact with ourselves. In “Pushback: Expressions of resistance to the ‘evertime’ of constant online connectivity” (Morrison, Gomez, 2014), digital detoxing is a way to push back against this technology connectivity, with some, such as the Luddites, foregoing any at all. For many, the internet is a way for those to connect with their personal network, but some view it as a place of disconnection where, “…the way they ensnare young people, pushing them to create picture perfect online identities that have little to do with their authentic selves” (Vadukul, 2023), which fuels the Luddite lifestyle and the desire to have authentic, real connections.
In my opinion, trends play a major role in pushing back against media over-consumption. Throughout the article, the authors highlight multiple names of movements to categorize these movements, each through different mediums. With micro-trends coming into fashion every month, I often see similar content across all social media telling others how to detox from social media. Recently, I have seen content creators create videos that are titled “Things to consume instead of doom scrolling”, where they list other media, essays, videos, and information to replace the endless scroll. There is a push and pull between users wanting to keep up with daily news and those wanting to “digitally detox”, but is this over-consumption landscape truly our fault? In my opinion, it is not, and both sides can be overwhelming.
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Markdown:
It’s kind of funny how the more connected we get, the more people want to disconnect. Both Portwood-Stacer and Morrison’s 2013 study and the 2025 New York Times article about the Luddite Club look at how and why people are pushing back against constant connectivity—but from different angles.
Portwood-Stacer and Morrison focus on a group they call “Better-Less” users—people who used to love tech but now want to cut back. They found five main reasons: emotional burnout, addiction, wanting more control, privacy worries, and personal values. The most common one? People feeling let down or overwhelmed by technology. They also found five ways people push back, like setting screen time limits, using “dumb” phones, or even going totally offline. Most people just adjust their habits instead of quitting completely.
The Luddite Club, featured in the New York Times, is a perfect real-life example of this. It’s a group of teens who ditched smartphones and social media to live more intentionally. Even as they head to college, many still use flip phones and avoid apps. They’re all about making tech work for them—not the other way around. Their story shows a lot of the same motivations and behaviors from the 2013 study, especially the need for control and more meaningful connection.
It all makes me wonder: Can people really unplug in a world that depends on being online? Or is the real challenge finding balance, not walking away completely?
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Due to an ever changing digital world the majority of young people, who are able to own devices such as smartphones, are constantly connected to their social circles. This constant connection creates a dependency on smartphones as one’s social world is on the device, and their friends’ online behaviour such as their posts and likes are shared via notifications, pushing the user to check out their social media accounts. For some, this never ending state of connection is undesirable and there have been movements in response to constant connectivity. The two movements that will be focused on are the Luddite Club movement and the idea of ‘pushback’, “many users who first embraced constant connectivity are now pushing back”.
Authentic real world experiences are what life is all about, and for some a constant dependence on their smart devices interrupts these experiences. These people are referred to as the “Better Less” group. This group “used to be euphoric embracers of the opportunities of technological connectivity, but who are now looking for ways to push back and resist” being permanently connected. (Gomez & Morrison, 2014). Much of this resistance comes from information overload, and being flooded with communication technologies. Another group looking to reduce their dependency and connectivity on their devices are the ‘Luddite teens’, a group of young people who believe that their life and experiences are being ruined by their dependency and connectivity to their phones. “For the youth of today,” she said in closing, “the developmental experience has been polluted; it’s been cheapened. ‘Who am I?’ becomes ‘How do I appear?’”. (Vadukul, 2023). Both of these movements focus on regaining authentic experiences rather than looking at others experiences online.
While saying or thinking that detoxing from these devices would be a good idea, many people struggle to do so and even feel anxious without their phone, especially younger people. The example of Lola Shub tells the tale of many who try to reduce device usage while being a college student, navigating a digital campus (in the sense of two factor authentication for school accounts and needing to scan QR codes). “I started using a smartphone again pretty much the day I started college,” she said. “I kind of had to. It’s really hard to navigate the world without one. But there’s been something nice about it, if I’m going to be honest.”. (Vadukul, 2023). The Luddite Club, since being mentioned in the New York Times, is now a non-profit organisation with many offshoots of the club being seen around the US at high school and colleges, helping people to not be addicted to their phones. As the club’s mission statement reads, they want to “conquer big tech’s addictive agendas”.
While these movements of the ‘Better-Less’ group pushing back on technology use as well as the Luddites come across as anti-technology the main focus represents a nuanced approach to technology, instead of completely rejecting it. Managing technology use in order to not be dependant on devices such as smartphones but rather only use when necessary is a great way to negate overconsumption of environments such as social media, which is a very fabricated world that can be harmful to individuals.
> [https://hackmd.io/images/media/HackMD-neo-og.jpg\] Reading Responses Set 2 - HackMD “I placed this brick a long time ago,” is the new trend on Tik Tok. This is a metaphor for curating your personal “For You Page,” or the page you see content on, by your previously liked videos. Humans are becoming more aware of how social medias track their interests and disinterests to use when presenting new media to you. Well, we also built our computers memory “click by click.” hackmd.io ###### tags: `CDA` # Reading Responses (Set 2) ## Reading responses 5 out of 5 ### March 17, 2025 “I Built These Computer Preferences Click by Click!” “I placed this brick a long time ago,” is the new trend on Tik Tok. This is a metaphor for curating your personal “For You Page,” or the page you see content on, by your previously liked videos. Humans are becoming more aware of how social medias track their interests and disinterests to use when presenting new media to you. Well, we also built our computers memory “click by click.” While it can be frightening to think of how websites use cookies to track our data because our personal searches and likes we tend to keep reserved. But, as an average 20 year old girl with little to hide, the convenience of cookies and tracking data is tremendous. I love that I can be watching a movie clip on Tik Tok, go to the search bar, type in “part 2 of clip I was just watching,” and, like magic, the continued part of my movie clip is there. Reading Robe Stoke’s “Online Advertising” chapter 11, I wonder what type of payment models illegal sites like “TheFlixer” use. I have little streaming services so I often use websites like “TheFlixer” to watch media. There are tons of pop-ups, interstitial banners and floating adverts that advertise sexual interactions or the sites like “OnlyFans” on “TheFlixer” and other similar “sketchy” sites. It can only be expected that when I go to watch something on “TheFlixer” with friends, someone makes a joke about how these advertisements are coming up based on what I look at on my computer, referring to third party cookies. But if I haven’t looked at any sites related to the advertisements I’m getting on “TheFlixer,” why are they always there? Is it because they sketchy sexual sites are only able to promote themselves on other sketchy sites? Often times, “TheFlixer” opens a new tab any time you click any button with an interstitial banner that if you accidentally click, leads you to a sketchy sexual site. Luckily, my adblocker has kept this from happening to me. But I also wonder, why does my adblocker work so well on some sites and not at all on others? In fact, I have the same adblocker as my friend, and on my computer Hulu still plays ads, yet on his they don’t! Overall, as someone who takes on an “ignorance is bliss” mentality when it comes to having my data tracked and what the consequences of that may be, I appreciate cookies for the convenience they provide yet I still will decline them when given the option. ### 03/24/2025 Why do Ratings, Reviews and Grades Never Feel Quite Right? “I never give A’s in this class,” says one teacher in almost everyone’s lifetime. It’s incredibly frustrating, especially when you thought you are doing excellent on assignments only to receive B’s or B+, just on the cusp of an A-. Reviews, even more so than grading, is subjective, creating confusion among people, as they have “varied responses to online ratings, including questions of expectations and competency” (Reagle, 2015). One person may never give 5 stars or only five stars to the most perfect experience, while another person gives five stars to any place that moderately fit their expectations. The more funny (and frustrating) reviews I have seen are on Tik Tok. Someone will post a video of them making, let’s say, a cucumber salad. Then some people, hopefully joking, will comment “1/5, what if I don’t have a cucumber?” In this case, those who are unfamiliar with this (again, hopefully satirical) commentary, feel that their “confusion is replaced with disbelief” (Reagle, 2015). Almost everything that can be rated is done so subjectively. People’s experiences and personal beliefs affect how they will rate a movie, their pain levels at the doctor, and a product. A small child may have their first cut and say its a level 10 pain, because it’s the most intense pain they’ve felt. A teenager with endometriosis might say a broken bone is a level eight pain because they’ve experienced a wave of incredibly painful periods, one’s a man will never know the experience of. As well, rating out of five and rating out of ten is hard. This causes people to do in-between numbers, giving us essentially unlimited levels of review. On tests like the Meyers-Briggs test, I feel like I’m not given enough options on the scales that you respond to, because I’m often between “indifferent” and “slightly (dis)satisfied”. When taking this test for the first time, my brother kept telling me to be as extreme as possible, because this would give me more accurate results. But, as an indecisive person with anxiety over making final decisions, I constantly find myself near the most neutral answer, so I’m given more of a mix of each trait, which to me, seems accurate! Being given the option of decimal points in rating (for example: reviewing a product as 8.5/10) somewhat creates a paradox of choice. With unlimited numbers and decimals to choose from on a scale of 1-10, we become more confused with our choices and ultimately, dissatisfied, leaning away from ever giving full 10’s, as we can always find something wrong with anything. ### 03/31/2025 Artificial Intelligence is Scary and Inevitable My favorite videos to watch in elementary school were the ones where people stitched together different speeches of a political figure, like Obama, and create a song out of the snippets. I thought it was so funny hearing Obama or Trump rap a song, even if you could clearly tell the parts were stitched together by the words abrupt endings and different vocalizations. 10 years later, I could create a video of Trump or Obama rapping that sounds completely real through AI generators without even needing them to say specific lyrics of the song. It probably would have made me laugh even harder as a kid, but I wonder if I would’ve been able to tell they were fake, the same way I clearly knew the stitched together videos were. A similar issue came up when I recently came across a video of Putin and Trump holding hands intimately and I totally (embarrassingly) believed it was real and showed my friend. Even if I think I have the media literacy to detect what is fake and real, I don’t always, especially when I’m just mindlessly swiping through Tik Toks. As an average 20 year old, I’m sure many other people my age or younger have similar issues. This especially becomes an issue with AI generated celebrity images or tweets and artistry originality. An Open Source website, Stable Diffusion, limited AI generated porn on their website and made it more difficult to mimic other artists work. This sparked controversy– “One user on Stable Diffusion’s sub-reddit said the removal of NSFW content was “‘censorship,’” and…“‘To choose to do NSFW content or not, should be in the hands of the end user…’” (Vincent, 2022). Does limiting what we can do on AI (specifically on an open source site) a restriction of our first amendment? Personally I don’t think so, but maybe that’s because I have a lot of sympathy for the original artists and the celebrities who are being altered by AI. The same way i wouldn’t want someone to put my face on a nude body using AI, I feel bad for when that happens to celebrities, especially with how wide-spread their media can be. It reminds me of the episode of Black Mirror “Joan is Awful.” The episode follows a woman, Joan, who mindlessly signed a Netflix document saying they could use her entire life for the contents of their TV show and she would be played by the genetic adaptation of Salma Hayek, a popular actress. Joan is portrayed horribly in the show to the point where both Joan and Salma Hayek want the show to end because it makes them both look bad. Salma Hayek is horrified at seeing “herself” do such crazy, evil and gross things on television. I imagine celebrities feel the same way when they see themselves in AI-generated images or videos doing or saying something they never did. This was apparent during the 2024 election, when AI-generated images of Taylor Swift supporting Donald Trump circulated media and Trump even promoted those posts. This causes Trump-haters to dislike Taylor Swift and Swifties to possibly vote for Trump because their favorite artist does. Although I don’t care too much for this or Taylor Swift, I felt bad for her and scared for the influence this would have. While I understand the Stable Diffusion user’s concern of censorship and wanting to have the ability to do what they want on their own terms, I agree with Stable Diffusion’s founder, Emad Mostaque that you “can’t have kids & nsfw in an open model” (as quoted in Vincent, 2022). Elementary school, internet-nosy me would’ve definitely come across lots of AI-generated videos and images. Some people believe its a parent’s duty to keep their kids online activity censored, which I somewhat agree with, but I do think websites and companies should have a similar expectation. For example, PBS Kids website probably shouldn’t have ads for porn. Even though Stable Diffusion isn’t specifically made for kids, they know kids find their website, so it is somewhat on them to censor their content. ### 04/10/2025 “The Power of a Period” My worst anxiety-induced spiral came from a text message that read “k.”. How can a singular letter and period cause me so much fear? Well, I had been conditioned by my peers and friends to take it as a sign to be scared, to know the other person is mad. One of my closest friends in middle school, Rachel, could be a bit petulant. She would often get angry at me and others over little things and she had to make it clear to the other person that she was mad. This usually manifested in texts and Snapchats. If she was mad, she wouldn’t give you the silent treatment, but instead would respond to any text with “K”, “ok.”, and a period at the end of every sentence and respond to Snapchats with black screens. Then, the person who she was mad at would have to send a thousand texts saying sorry, while she would continue to text “k.” until finally you said you were completely in the wrong and then she would forgive you and act like nothing happened. Through this and other relationships in middle school, I learned “the New Rules of Language,” as Gretchen McCulloh puts it. I knew that “lol” acted as “a filler that specifically indicates that there’s some sort of double meaning to be found” (McCulloh, 2019), “haha” meant you found something enjoyable but not necessarily funny, “HAHAHHAHAHAHHBDUUDB” meant it was pretty darn funny, and “I’M PEEING” didn’t literally mean they were peeing, but that it was extremely funny. My brother did not like that people used “lol” when they weren’t actually laughing out loud, so he made his own acronym “NE,” standing for “Nose Exhale,” since that’s peoples most common reaction to seeing something funny online. While this language worked for me and my peers, and my older brother for the most part, it created miscommunication between me and my parents. If my dad ever sent me a text saying “We need to talk.”, my mind immediately went into a similar spiral to receiving a “k.” from Rachel. The capital letter at the beginning, the period at the end, it was all too much. I would begin ruminating on how horrible of a person I must be, what I could have done, etc. Then I would get on the phone with my dad and he would say “Oh I just wanted to ask if you liked this picture,” and I would feel stupid for ever worrying in the first place. When it comes to talking to my parents, I like to call rather than text so they will randomly receive a call from me in the day, and my dad would get so paranoid that something happened to me and freak out (can you tell we both have anxiety?). It got to the point where my dad and I had to set rules for each other on text. He now has to tell me what he wants to talk to me about instead of just saying “We have to talk.” and I have to say “Can we call? It’s not urgent” when I want to talk. As McCulloh recognizes, “Maybe I shouldn’t be over-interpreting hostility or passive-aggression … maybe I should just be interpreting this with the context of ‘I know this person is older and so they’re not actually being passive-aggressive at me.’” While I knew my dad was never actively *trying* to scare me, he had to learn that my anxiety didn’t always allow me to recognize that. While having to write extra context to not scare each other may seem like a lot of work to others, it provides comfort for us *and* helps him learn more about modern, gen-z texting styles. Meanwhile, if I type any sort of acronym or shortened version of a word to my mom, even if she understands it, she makes me rewrite my text without them because she wants me to be more experienced in writing professionally. For example, one time I texted her “okay i ordered some off of ur amazon cuz of prime, do u want me to venmo u or danny?” and she responded “If you can resend that text with all correct spelling, you don’t have to pay me back. And I’m not kidding.” She was not kidding! Learning to navigate texting styles in this day and age and among different age groups causes anxieties, develops stronger relationships and even induces a nose exhale here and there. Words will always have meaning, whether intended to or not. Our environments, contexts and experiences help us guide those meanings, but it’s not always a perfect match. ### 04/14/2025 The Return of the Flip Phone! Trends always cycle back around- whether it’s low rise jeans from the 2000s coming back in style or flip phones. My dad looked at me like I was crazy when I told him I liked using a digital camera over my iPhone camera for pictures. Similar to the journey of Luddites, there was a trend on Tik Tok awhile ago where people bought flip phones to bring out with them rather than phones. I wonder how Steve Jobs felt about that! Society’s likes and wants are like a pendulum swinging from efficient and high tech to simple and “vintage”. We beg for Apple to make Facetime a feature, to be able to make our own emojis, just to want a phone with only texting and calling features a week later. Social Media and iPhone usage has it’s pros and cons. In a reading from earlier in this class, we found that social media can be incredibly beneficial for women to feel connected to their peers socially. I know for me personally, social media can play that role, but I’ve definitely felt the effects of lower self esteem from seeing the “‘curated lives of my peers with me wherever I went’” (Lane, as cited in Vadukul, 2023). It feels almost unnatural to see only a curated version of people’s lives, but it can also serve as a “romanticization” of my own life when I look at my account. While I can appreciate the Luddites, I feel bad for them because as Lola Shub discusses in the article, phones are pretty much essential to life now, especially as a college student. I need mobile ID to get into my building, Duo Mobile to authenticate my Student Hub (every. single. time. I sign in), and like Shub mentions, “‘I can do things easier’” (Shub, as cited in Vadukul, 2023). It is nice to not worry as much about “sketchy” neighborhoods or getting lost because so many peers and family members have my location. It is nice to be able to remember an event 10 years later because I had my camera on me that day. It is nice to be able to check my Email on the way to class if I forgot to check my computer that morning. Phones are easy and efficient. Should efficiency always be the goal though? Shub pulls from her own experience- “I feel like I’m not trying as hard anymore. When I had the flip phone, I had to put in effort to get to places, to talk to people…Now it’s easy to do things” (Shub, as cited in Vadukul, 2023). It is nice that tasks are easier to do, but it also causes a lack of critical thinking, empathy, and connection to others. Through texting, we feel much more comfortable making “loose” plans that can be cancelled day of. With apps like “Google Maps,” we don’t have to be as aware of our surroundings. Phone’s almost give us an excuse to not be as humane, which I believe the Luddites feel as well. I appreciate all the bus rides I had to take without a phone, writing down specific instructions on a piece of paper on how to get from one side of San Francisco to another. I had to pay close attention to the outside of the bus window, to make sure I got off at the right stop. This taught me about my city, it’s layout, the culture of different neighborhoods, the bus routes and schedules, etc. It made me appreciate San Francisco more and helped me adapt to new situations. If I did get lost on the bus without a phone, I had to find my own way out and I always was able to. I think it’s important for everyone to have a period of their life like that, where you have to learn skills on your own and think critically. My family has such different viewpoints on technology. I would consider my brother a “Never-Better” (Morrison & Gomez, 2014); he likes the ease technology provides and is excited about it’s inevitable improvements. He understands technology, likes it, and is able to use it to his advantage in school, work, and life in general. My mom is definitely more a “Better-Never” (Morrison & Gomez, 2014); She doesn’t like the mental health effects it can have, especially one’s she’s seen manifest in me. She also doesn’t take much time to learn and understand technology, and prefers “classic” ways of doing things (for example, using a thesaurus rather than looking up synonyms for words). My dad falls into the “Better-less” (Morrison & Gomez, 2014) group; In his career, he was able to take advantage of the rise of technology. Now, he sees more and more of the mental health risks it imposes and even physical toll it can have on his body. He is older now, trying to take better care of himself, and is learning more about technologies effects rather than technology itself.
Hello! Here is the link to my reading response for tomorrow: https://hackmd.io/Up2GAqz8SY-hUgWEchLaJQhttps://hackmd.io/Up2GAqz8SY-hUgWEchLaJQ
Here is my markdown:
I sometimes wonder if giving my future kids iPads are basically like giving them a 24/7 sugar IV. To me, kids with constant iPad access are being drained of curiosity and attention span and I constantly juggle my plan on how I would give my kids access to technology.
In Now in College, Luddite Teens Still Don’t Want Your Likes I kept imagining myself as a mom one day, and showing my kids my old DS or something like that like a relic and telling my kids that was my entertainment and freedom. In the reading, I kind of understood the teens trading their smartphones for sketchbooks and novels. It kind of touched the part of me that wonders what my life would be like without my phone or social media. Back to the motherhood aspect, it makes me wonder if I am going to be the weird mom who doesn’t let my kids have technology until they are like 13, or will I cave since all of the other kids will have it.
In Pushback, which gave me a more adultish and academic lens, I was interested in the phrase “evertime.” It is exactly how it feels to always be available and connected. It is like our brains never really ever turn off or log off on our phones. What I think pushback has to do with this is that it has become a full-on behavioral category. There is a whole group of people who want to unplug and basically live in the woods.
Both of these pieces really made me reflect on how addicted we all are not only to technology but to the identity aspect that comes with it. The Luddites are doing something revolutionary to me, choosing to me bored. I think most of us are kind of scared to be bored. The Luddites seem so self-aware and and alive, which I want my kids to be, but I also want them to be included. So while I don’t have any answers to my future parenting qualms, I do know that I will try to make them and myself more bored sometimes.
We live in a world where we’re more “connected” than ever, yet loneliness is spiking — especially among younger generations. That irony sits right at the heart of Morrison and Gomez’s reading on connectivity pushback, and honestly, it couldn’t be more relevant today. As congressional hearings put Facebook (Meta) under the spotlight for its role in digital addiction and emotional harm, especially among youth, their analysis feels almost eerily prophetic.
Morrison and Gomez explore the rising phenomenon of “pushback” — the conscious decision to step back from technology use, not because of cost or complexity but because of a more profound emotional dissatisfaction. That part stuck with me. Their claim that platforms like Facebook serve as a coping mechanism for loneliness — one that feels good at first but ultimately leaves people more disconnected — echoes what whistleblowers have revealed about Meta’s internal research. We’re not just scrolling for entertainment; we often try to soothe something deeper. And Facebook doesn’t heal that loneliness — it profits from it.
What makes this reading so compelling, though, is that it doesn’t just blame tech companies. It turns the lens back on us. One of the most powerful insights is the idea that our problems with tech might be frustration with ourselves — with how we use it, what we hope to get from it, and how often we use it to avoid discomfort instead of confronting it. That idea — that emotional dissatisfaction reflects our own unmet needs — reframes pushback as less of a rebellion and more of a reckoning. It forces us to ask not just what tech is doing to us but what we’re doing with it.
The authors also outline five main reasons people push back — emotional dissatisfaction, external values, taking back control, addiction, and privacy — and a range of behaviors, like behavior adaptation (think deleting apps or setting usage limits), social agreements (like unplugged dinners), or even completely going offline. Most people aren’t ditching the internet altogether — they’re trying to set boundaries, to make it work better for their actual lives. And that’s the heart of it: this isn’t rejection; it’s reflection. It’s about realigning how we connect digitally with how we want to feel in real life.
Best, Michelle Lo Candidate for BS in Data Science and Economics Northeastern University Khoury College of Computer and Information Science
Link: https://hackmd.io/lE9PmO4LSLqj9ZDzALectQhttps://hackmd.io/lE9PmO4LSLqj9ZDzALectQ
Markdown:
“Many users who first embraced constant connectivity are now pushing back” (Gomez). Pushback is a phenomenon in which people are distancing themselves from technology and social media in order to regain control and create a greater personal life balance. A club at the Edward R. Murrow High School in Brooklyn, New York, named the Luddite club, was a group of teens that promoted conscious consumption of technology. This group of teens strayed away from smartphones and would sit together drawing or reading.
The journalist who originally wrote about the Luddite club, went back and spoke to them again two years after the original article. After the two years, a few of the original members said they still rely on their flip phones rather than a smartphone, and reported that their movement of disdaining from social media was expanding to other states. The Luddite Club now publishes a newsletter that is only available for print. Since going to college though, many other of the original Luddite Club members have gotten a smartphone, in order to keep up with the other students. “It sucks I got back into this head space, and maybe I’ll go back to a flip phone one day, but I need a smartphone for now” (Vadukul).
The original members from the Luddite club that now use smartphones have realized how important they can be in everyday life, but they still like to pick up a book every so often, to get off of technology. Personally, I definitely think it is important to limit yourself from technology every once in a while, but a complete pushback from it could be detrimental for growth. I think in the 21st century, technology is so important for development and ensuring that people are advancing along with the advancing of technology.
Homepage: https://hackmd.io/@master-ry/HJUmFaehyxhttps://hackmd.io/@master-ry/HJUmFaehyx Markdown:
Stacey L. Morrison, Ricardo Gomez, 2014, Pushback: Expressions of resistance to the ‘evertime’ of constant online connectivity Alex Vadukul, 2023, Now in College, Luddite Teens Still Don’t Want Your Likes
We are not born craving technology. We are raised to crave it. While Generation Z is considered the digital native generation, Generation Beta was born into a fully digital world rather than growing into it. The children of the new generation are being handed mobile devices before they can even form a full sentence, and we are starting to see the effects.
Children of Generation Beta are becoming more impatient and having a harder time regulating their emotions. Many parents have reported seeing a happier and healthier child once constant screen exposure is removed. Maybe the solution is for everyone to limit exposure, but our dependency to technology is an addiction as much as it is a dependency.
Watling , a student and founder of the Luddite Club originally from Brooklyn, (2023, as cited in Vadukul, 2023) said, “but I have to look out for my well-being as a young woman. It’s too risky for me to put my life in the hands of a flip phone.” The unfortunate reality is that we have created a world in which we cannot live without technology. College campuses are reliant upon its students having a mobile device. The world is not a safe enough place for many people to be out without a phone. No matter how much a person might want to pull away from the dependency, it is entirely impossible to pull away completely.
While we may never reach a point of reviving our desktops and Sidekicks and out casting the iPhone, people can make better choices for their children. The one solution would be to give children the choice of playing outside or playing pretend instead of the choice of phone or tablet. The issue ends up being that parents are exhausted and handing a crying child a tablet is much easier than dealing with the root of an issue or teaching your child to express their emotions in better ways. It is not so simple as simply not handing a child a tablet, but it would require an active desire to give the child a better way to grow up.
Final 5 reading responses link: https://hackmd.io/@ospinasalome16/HybII8LnJlhttps://hackmd.io/@ospinasalome16/HybII8LnJl Home page link: https://hackmd.io/@ospinasalome16/SyxXSoVmDylhttps://hackmd.io/@ospinasalome16/SyxXSoVmDyl
Apr 15 Tue - Pushback In a world where it feels like everyone is glued to their phones, there was a group of teens in New York who decided to do something totally different. In Now in College, Luddite Teens Still Don’t Want Your Likes, Stacey Morrison and Ricardo Gomez introduce this group that calls themselves the Luddite Club, and their goal is to ditch smartphones, quit social media, and focus on real-life connections. This group was started by Logan Lane at Edward R. Murrow High School, and the club meets weekly in Prospect Park, where they read books, make art, and just hang out with no screens involved which I personally think is the coolest thing ever and would be something I would love to be a part of. These teens aren’t just trying to be rebellious for fun. They’re reacting to how constant scrolling, TikTok pressure, and nonstop notifications mess with mental health. It’s something we’ve touched on in class like how media consumption affects identity, perception, and relationships. The Luddites are basically applying that in real life. Some members were inspired by Chris McCandless from Into the Wild, a guy who left everything behind to live a simple life. But these teens aren’t going off the grid completely, they just want to use tech more intentionally and not waste their time scrolling on social media for hours. In Social Media and the ‘Spiral of Silence’” connects to this too. Alex Vadukol talks about how people often stay silent online if their opinions go against the majority because they’re scared of the backlash that comes with it. It’s easy to lose your voice when you’re worried about likes or getting canceled. The Luddites say “no thanks” to all that. By stepping away from social media, they’re choosing honesty and self-expression without the pressure and without trying to fit in with everyone else’s expectations.
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Here is the last reading response!
Thanks, Georgia Richman https://hackmd.io/@georgiarichmann/B1511SLnyxhttps://hackmd.io/@georgiarichmann/B1511SLnyx
Having a phone is inevitable today. No matter how hard a person tries, it is impossible to function without one. A co-worker of mine from high school was a pizza delivery driver at the age of seventy-four (yes, this is a true story). When iPhones began to become popular with Google Maps and having caller ID, our boss told him he needed a phone. This was back in 2010. He only used a flip phone for work purposes and felt he had no reason to invest in an iPhone. However, my boss threatened his job because of convenience and safety and my co-worker got an iPhone. I was told this story when I started working there in 2021, eleven years later. He tried so hard to not get an iPhone, but it was forced on him because of societal norms and the ease of having one. This story reminds me of the Luddite club follow-up, and how they all have phones now. They tried to push back, but in the end, it became a necessity to function in everyday life. One of the members, Ms. Shub quotes “I guess I still don’t like needing the crutch of a smartphone, though I couldn’t figure out how to go on without one” (Vadukul 2023). Even though the Luddite teens may not like it, similar to my co-worker, it is a need to function.
Stacy Morrison and Ricardo Gomez studied why people push back. Unlike the Luddite teens, I don’t think my co-worker was purposefully pushing back against technology, he was just older and didn’t want to learn new things. However, what I found most interesting in their research is that a primary motivation is to regain control. Regain control of what, their life? I think it is referencing the addiction that everyone has to their phone.
Technology is meant to keep us connected, yet it makes people feel lonelier than ever. Stacey Morrison and Ricardo Gomez talk about “pushback”, which is when people willingly step away from the constant connection that comes with being online. People are taking a step back from technology for many reasons. They are either too tired of shallow online interactions, have personal beliefs about constantly using technology, want more control of their time, are anxious about getting addicted, or are concerned about their privacy. As a way to combat these worries people have made it their mission to unplug and many are doing so as a group. Some have swapped out their smartphones for flip phones, or they have completely stopped using tech. Although it might seem like privacy played a big role in reducing the use of tech it wasn’t. Instead, the frustration that came from shallow conversations on social media or the overload of smartphone notifications was enough to push people over the edge. The New York Times article discusses how teen and college students in the Luddite Club resist using digital technology by replacing smartphones with flip phones and focusing on face-to-face interactions more than the ones created by social media. They also focus on forming groups to focus on staying offline together. Logan Lane started this club and has discussed how social media causes individuals to mask themselves which can cause weaker relationships and a downfall in mental health as people tend to hide who they really are online. Both articles talk about how technology was created to connect people, but this same technology has caused us to feel more disconnected, which is ironic. The Luddite club shows Morrison and Gomez’s ideas of forming groups and straying away from digital technology as solutions. However, the challenge now comes in finding a balance because technology and social media are very useful in finding clubs, social events, safety, etc. but it is also important to use this technology in a way where it does not overwhelm us. This is why technology needs to be created for more meaningful usage.
The glowing 5-star review you read might be as fake as those street vendors trying to sell you designer gear. According to Geoffrey Fowler’s “Fake Reviews Are Illegal and Subject to big fines under new FTC rules,” the FTC is cracking down on deceptive practices surrounding online reviews, ratings, and rankings, proposing hefty fines to curb rampant manipulation. Businesses routinely buy positive reviews, employees secretly leave biased feedback, and companies silence negative commenters through threats or legal action. Even sneakier tactics like “review hijacking” where positive ratings from one product get moved to another, blur the line even further, making it hard to distinguish honest feedback from fabricated praise.
Navigating this tricky landscape requires consumers to develop a sharp eye for authenticity. Trustworthy reviews usually contain detailed, personal experiences and a realistic balance of both praise and critique. To protect myself online I can watch out for overly enthusiastic reviews packed into a suspiciously brief time frame. These are often signs of manipulation. Verifying reviews across external sources can help protect me from deceptive tactics as well. It’s just a matter of developing healthy skepticism and critical thinking when engaging with online reviews, which becomes necessary to avoid falling prey to digital deception.
AI is a double-edged brush when it comes to the world of art and creativity. The advent of AI tools like Stable Diffusion has revolutionized the art world, enabling the creation of stunning images from a text prompt by anyone. However, this may be causing more harm than good. As highlighted in James Vincent’s article for The Verge, the release of Stable Diffusion 2.0 introduced measures to curb the replication of specific artists’ styles and the creation of explicit content. Despite the safeguards, the ease of producing high-quality images has led to concerns about the devaluation of human artistry and the potential for misuse. The tool has become catastrophic for the online art space, with users being accused of using it who haven’t and people creating art with it claiming to have drawn it. Artists are worried that their unique style can be mimicked without consent, leading to legal battles over copyright infringement and the ethical use of AI-generated art.
People should be allowed to generate their images. AI-generated art is cool, but it harms people when it’s used maliciously. People shouldn’t be using it to replicate others’ styles, or creating images via AI and claiming to have painted them themselves. I’ve already seen the ramifications of this online. People who have been a part of the art scene for years, suddenly are falsely accused of using AI, simply because of how widespread it has become for people to claim that their AI-generated creations are original. Content that is made by humans will become harder to find online as AI gets better, and artists are at risk of losing their fan bases due to the accusations surrounding AI usage. Society has to learn to grapple with balancing innovation with ethical considerations, ensuring that the technology enhances rather than undermines human creativity. The future of art may well depend on our ability to integrate AI responsibly, preserving the integrity of artistic expression while embracing the possibilities that technology offers.
Is Artificial Intelligence capable of being biased? Nate Hochman’s “ChatGpt Goes Woke” argues that OpenAi’s chatbots exhibit a systematic left-leaning bias, particularly when prompted with politically charged topics. Hochman recounts instances where Chatgpt refused to generate content favorable to conservative figures or ideas, while readily producing material aligned with progressive viewpoints. He points out that this kind of bias emerges largely from training datasets that may disproportionately represent certain perspectives, especially if the sources or moderators involved learn toward particular ideological positions. He interprets this as evidence of ideological filtering embedded within the model’s training data and moderation policies, suggesting that AI enforces a form of digital orthodoxy.
Algorithms show biases, intentionally or unintentionally, because they’re shaped by the data they’re trained on and the human decisions that guide their development. Developers establish content guidelines and safety measures that reflect subjective notions about what’s appropriate or harmful. As a result of this, what might appear neutral or objective output often carries implicit cultural or political leanings. Seeing how Artificial Intelligence is used in daily life, and how it’s being used in the hiring process, raises concerns, especially with these biases. We can’t trust AI to be completely unbiased because of the data being fed to it, which could end up marginalizing and discriminating against groups of people. Maybe it’s time to take a step back and reassess AI’s usage in our daily lives.
Who knew that a simple period could feel like a personal attack? In NPR’s interview “Our language is evolving, ‘Because of the Internet” Linguist Gretchen McCulloch explores how digital communication is reshaping language itself. McCulloch explores how the ways online interactions alter linguistic conventions, like changing the meaning of punctuation – where a period at the end of a text is now suddenly passive-aggressive. Acronyms like “LOL” now mean more than just laughter, suggesting empathy or irony, used to soften the tone of a message. These evolving linguistic norms aren’t arbitrary; they’re strategic adaptations to the challenge of conveying tone and emotion through text alone.
McCulloch provides valuable insight into why language must constantly adapt: humans crave connection and emotional expression, and digital platforms demand new ways to satisfy these needs. I see how I am a modern-day user of these new communication techniques. Oftentimes when I’m texting and start throwing periods in there the other person knows I’m upset. In other cases, I might just be trying to be more punctual, however, and yet it will still be interpreted as passive aggressiveness. It makes me question if sooner rather than later we’ll need a dictionary for the new online languages that we are developing. The phenomenon suggests that linguistic changes online aren’t eroding language but enriching it, enabling us to communicate more effectively within the constraints of digital interaction.
While most teenagers scramble for TikTok fame and Instagram likes, a group of teenagers in Brooklyn started trading smartphones for flip phones. In the New York Times article “Luddite Teens Reunion,” Alex Vadukul interviews these self-labeled teens who intentionally live offline seeking authenticity and mental clarity. They’ve closed themselves off from the digital world, trading it off for genuine human interactions. Their regular meetups in Prospect Park showcase activities like painting, reading, and conversation, free from the distractions of being online. They aren’t doing anything that we wouldn’t have been doing before the internet, yet due to the world that we live in now, you can see them as doing something very special. Vadukul frames their movement as a deliberate rejection of tech-driven anxiety and a countercultural response to the pervasive influence of technology on the youth culture and mental health.
The teenagers are living a lifestyle that seems distant to many now. As someone who has access to countless technologies, I realize the importance of shutting it off and just going outside for a while. I try not to let my life be consumed by my electronics, but it’s hard when they are a form of connecting with my friends who aren’t near me anymore. Technology has allowed us to bridge so many gaps in the world, yet at the same time, it’s just as dangerous as it is useful. You can have access to so many useful things online just as you have access to the tools to ruin another person’s day. The anonymity makes people act differently online, and they become addicted to not just being on the internet, but their digital personas that they can create along the way. The digital world is a true escape for anyone from reality, and that’s what makes it so powerful, making people lose themselves in it. People can become addicted to it quickly, not realizing the hold that it has on our daily lives now. The actions of the teens prompt us to question the societal norms that equate constant connectivity with progress. In our pursuit of technological advancement, it looks like we’ve overlooked the value of presence and genuine human connection.