Midterm Review

According to Weber, “the father of bureaucracy,” the bureaucratic model for organizations should be based on:

1. equal work between management and worker positions
2. traditional authority
3. authority relationships that emphasize depersonalization and task competence
4. informal rules and regulations

According to Shockley-Zalabak, which of the following does the Integrated Perspective approach take into consideration that the Human Behavior and Scientific Management approaches lack?

1. influence of high/lower power distance in an organization
2. workers’ attitudes toward an organization
3. organizational structure and work design
4. influence of the external environment on an organization

According to Shockley-Zalabak, which of the following correctly matches the thinker with his belief or idea?

1. Weber; 14 principles of management
2. Taylor; time and motion study
3. Fayol; bureaucracy
4. Weber; participative management

In chapter one of James Surowiecki’s Wisdom of Crowds, he identifies three conditions that a group needs to be “smart.” Which answer is not one of these conditions.

1. Independence
2. Cooperation
3. Decentalization
4. Diversity

Which of the following is lowest in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

1. esteem
2. self-actualization
3. physiological
4. safety

Gender identity as organizational performance suggests that:

1. gender is biological
2. gender is fixed
3. gender is learned and performed
4. gender is completely natural

According to Chapter 6 Zen of Groups there are seven key things to being a facilitator, which of the following is not one of them?

1. If you don’t know, say so.
2. Be an expert.
3. Be adaptable.
4. Honor members.

What theories are concerned with the influence of individuals in organizations, what motivates workers, and how motivation affects the organization?

1. Human Behavior
2. Scientific Management
3. Integrative
4. Critical

What surprising discovery lead to the naming of the Hawthorne effect?

1. People worked more productively with more light because they could see better.
2. People worked more productively with less light because they had to pay more attention.
3. Production increased no matter how the environment was altered.
4. High productivity requires constant changes in environment.

Which description is not present in a high power distance environment according to Hofstede’s descriptions?

1. Open communication between subordinates and managers
2. Job descriptions will be more highly specified
3. Strategic decision-making process is quicker and shorter
4. Communication is vertical

What is the cultural influence behind the scientific management theories?

1. The Great Depression
2. World War II
3. The Industrial Revolution
4. Social Sciences

Which of the following professions does not involve large amounts of emotional labor?

1. Independent researcher
2. Flight attendant
3. Sales associate
4. Waitress

What is charismatic authority?

1. Accepting of those in authority that arose from tradition and custom
2. Acceptance that arises out of the office, or position, of the person in authority as bounded by the rules and procedures of the organization.
3. Acceptance that arises from loyalty to, and confidence in, the personal qualities of the ruler.

In Schein’s three levels of culture what is considered an underlying assumption?

1. Unconscious, taken for granted beliefs and values
2. Ideals, goals, values and aspiration
3. Visible and feelable structures and processes

Which statement is the most characteristic of achieving group synergy?

1. “I did all the work by myself”
2. “The group divided and conquered the tasks”
3. “I made lasting friendships with everyone in my group.”
4. “I found myself part of something bigger than me”

What are the two aspects of polarization?

1. Expertise and diversity
2. Enculturation and socialization
3. Integrated and critical theories
4. Proportion of arguments and social comparison

Asch’s study showed that when people were in groups and asked to compare lines most people either went with:

1. Their own instinct
2. environmental cues
3. their guess
4. the majority